CHS INC
CHSCMBusiness Summary
CHS Inc. is the nation's leading integrated agricultural cooperative, providing grain, food, agronomy, and energy resources globally 1. The company is owned by farmers, ranchers, and member cooperatives across the United States, and also has preferred shareholders whose shares are traded on Nasdaq 2. CHS generates revenue by buying commodities from and providing products and services to individual agricultural producers, local cooperatives, and other companies, including members and nonmember customers, both domestically and internationally 3. Its business model involves a wide range of products and services, from agricultural inputs like fuels, farm supplies, crop nutrients, and crop protection products, to agricultural outputs such as grain and oilseed, processed grain and oilseed, renewable fuels, and food products 4. A portion of its operations are conducted through equity investments and joint ventures, with their income or loss included in net income using the equity method of accounting 5. Earnings from cooperative business are allocated to members and patronage-basis nonmembers, primarily as patronage refunds in cash or capital equity certificates, which may be redeemed over time at the Board's discretion 6. Non-patronage earnings are taxed and retained as unallocated capital reserves 7.
The Energy segment derives its revenues from refining, wholesaling, and retailing petroleum products 8. This includes processing crude oil into refined products at refineries in Laurel, Montana, and McPherson, Kansas, and selling them under the Cenex® brand to member cooperatives and independent retailers 9. The Laurel refinery processes approximately 65,000 barrels of crude oil per day 10, producing about 38% gasoline, 43% diesel fuel and other distillates, 12% asphalt, 6% petroleum coke, and 1% other products 11. The McPherson refinery processes approximately 115,000 barrels of crude oil per day 12, yielding about 50% gasoline, 43% diesel fuel and other distillates, 5% petroleum coke, and 2% other products 13. In fiscal 2025, Energy segment revenues, after intersegment eliminations, were $7.6 billion 14. Approximately 75% of refined fuel products are marketed to members, with the remainder sold to nonmembers 15. The segment sold approximately 1.5 billion gallons of gasoline and 1.7 billion gallons of diesel fuel in fiscal 2025 16.
The Ag segment encompasses global grain and processing, ag retail, and wholesale agronomy businesses, facilitating the production, purchase, sale, and use of agricultural products 17. Its global grain marketing operations purchase grain and oilseed directly from agricultural producers and elevator operators, primarily in the midwestern and western United States 18. The processing business crushes approximately 147 million bushels of soybeans and canola annually, producing about 3.1 million short tons of meal and flour and 1.9 billion pounds of edible and inedible oil 19. The renewable fuels business annually produces 267 million gallons of fuel-grade ethanol, 71 million pounds of inedible corn oil, and 645,000 tons of dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) 20. The ag retail business operates approximately 400 agri-operations locations across 28 business units 21. The wholesale agronomy business delivers crop nutrients and crop protection products from manufacturers or through 11 warehouse terminals 22. In fiscal 2025, Ag segment revenues, after intersegment eliminations, were $27.7 billion 23.
The Nitrogen Production segment consists of an approximate 8.38% membership interest in CF Industries Nitrogen, LLC ("CF Nitrogen") 24, a strategic venture with CF Industries Holdings, Inc. 25. This investment, valued at approximately $2.5 billion on August 31, 2025 26, entitles CHS to purchase up to 1.1 million tons of granular urea and 580,000 tons of urea ammonium nitrate ("UAN") annually through fiscal 2096 27. Other business operations, including financing and hedging, and nonconsolidated joint ventures like Ventura Foods, LLC (50% interest, $527.2 million investment on August 31, 2025 28) and Ardent Mills, LLC (12% interest, $237.1 million investment on August 31, 2025 29), are aggregated in Corporate and Other 30.
For the fiscal year ended August 31, 2025, total revenues were $35.462 billion 31, a decrease from $39.261 billion in fiscal 2024 32. Cost of goods sold was $34.325 billion 33, resulting in a gross profit of $1.136 billion 34 and a gross margin of 3.2% 35. Marketing, general and administrative expenses were $1.046 billion 36. Operating earnings were $90.755 million 37, representing an operating margin of 0.3% 38. Interest expense was $146.079 million 39, and other income was $100.431 million 40. Equity income from investments contributed $569.665 million 41. Income before income taxes was $614.772 million 42. Income tax expense was $16.777 million 43, leading to a net income of $597.995 million 44. Net income attributable to CHS Inc. was $597.917 million 45. Cash and cash equivalents stood at $327.826 million 46 as of August 31, 2025, down from $794.865 million in 2024 47. Total notes payable were $1.152 billion 48, and long-term debt, including current maturities, was $1.835 billion 49. Total equities were $11.080 billion 50. Net cash provided by operating activities was $635.787 million 51.
Year-over-year, total revenues decreased by $3.798 billion 52 from $39.261 billion in fiscal 2024 53 to $35.462 billion in fiscal 2025 54. Gross profit decreased by $614.513 million 55 from $1.751 billion in fiscal 2024 56 to $1.136 billion in fiscal 2025 57, with gross margin contracting from 4.5% 58 to 3.2% 59. Operating earnings declined significantly from $584.358 million in fiscal 2024 60 to $90.755 million in fiscal 2025 61. The Energy segment's revenues decreased by $1.131 billion 62 (12.9% 63) to $7.635 billion 64, primarily due to decreased selling prices for refined fuels 65. The Ag segment's revenues decreased by $2.668 billion 66 (8.8% 67) to $27.748 billion 68, driven by decreased selling prices across most product categories, including a $2.7 billion decrease for grain and oilseed 69, a $453.5 million decrease for oilseed processing 70, and a $111.3 million decrease for renewable fuels 71. These decreases were partially offset by increased volumes, including $590.7 million for wholesale and retail agronomy products 72 and $446.7 million for grain and oilseed 73. Equity income from investments increased by $89.802 million 74 (18.7% 75) to $569.665 million 76, largely due to a gain on the sale of a business recognized by Ventura Foods 77. Interest expense increased by $42.015 million 78 (40.4% 79) to $146.079 million 80 due to a higher short-term notes payable balance and higher weighted-average interest rates 81.
During fiscal 2025, the company completed a planned major maintenance shutdown at its McPherson, Kansas, refinery during the third quarter, which reduced refined fuels production volumes and the sales mix of higher-margin, produced refined fuels products 82. The EPA granted petitions for an extension of the small refinery exemption ("SRE") for the Laurel, Montana, refinery for compliance years 2019 through 2024, resulting in an approximately $90 million benefit during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2025 83. The company acquired West Central Ag Services ("WCAS") during the second quarter of fiscal 2025, which included $59.5 million in goodwill 84 and $62.5 million in intangible assets 85. The company also announced a mutual agreement with MKC to begin the process of ending their joint venture in Producer Ag on October 10, 2025 86.
Business Outlook
The company anticipates that various macroeconomic factors will continue to drive uncertainty and instability in global energy and agricultural commodity markets, as well as global financial markets, which could significantly impact each of its segments during fiscal 2026 87. These factors include the ongoing war between Russia and Ukraine, further conflict in the Middle East, shifts in global trade flows for commodities, potential changes in U.S. trade policy, increased or fluctuating tariffs, a changing interest rate environment, and continued pricing pressures impacting costs of labor, freight, and materials 88. The company currently expects global supply and demand factors impacting energy and agricultural commodities to be unfavorable in fiscal 2026, with a trend of reduced margins for energy and agricultural commodities expected to persist 89.
For fiscal 2026, the company expects total capital expenditures to be approximately $575.1 million 90, a decrease from $728.6 million in fiscal 2025 91. Major maintenance expenditures are projected to be approximately $53.3 million 92, significantly lower than $271.4 million in fiscal 2025 93, due to reduced turnaround activities at its refineries compared to the McPherson refinery turnaround in fiscal 2025 94. The Board of Directors authorized approximately $30.0 million of fiscal 2025 patronage-sourced earnings to be paid to member-owners during fiscal 2026 95. Additionally, approximately $90.0 million of equity redemptions are authorized for distribution in fiscal 2026 96. The company expects to pay approximately $168.7 million in preferred stock dividends during fiscal 2026 97.
Risk Factors
The company faces significant risks from changes in commodity prices for crude oil, natural gas, ethanol, fertilizer, grain, oilseed, flour, and crude and refined vegetable oils, which are influenced by factors beyond its control such as weather, plant disease, supply adequacy, transportation, inflation, government regulation, and international conflicts 98. Global operations expose the company to political, economic, and legal risks, including terrorism, war, civil unrest, changes in social or economic conditions, currency fluctuations, price and export controls, and logistics challenges 99. Ongoing global conflicts, such as those in Ukraine and the Middle East, have caused inflationary pressures, impacted fertilizer purchasing in the global market, and increased the risk of inadvertently trading with sanctioned partners 100. Demand for products is highly dependent on global and regional demographics and macroeconomic conditions, with a significant downturn potentially reducing demand and adversely affecting financial condition 101. Declines in farm income, influenced by commodity prices, crop yields, input costs, and government policies, can reduce producers' cash flows and limit investment, potentially causing members to exit agricultural activities 102. Fluctuations in freight and logistics costs, supply chain disruptions, and adverse weather conditions, including those due to climate change, can impact business and operations 103. Inflation is expected to continue affecting costs such as labor, freight, natural gas, and materials, with higher interest rates increasing borrowing costs 104. The company operates in highly competitive markets, and competitors may develop superior products, marketing, or supply chain capabilities, potentially restricting pricing power and reducing margins 105. There is a risk that members may choose to do business with other companies, adversely affecting revenues and cash flows 106. Declining demand for refined petroleum products due to alternative energy sources or government policies aimed at decreasing reliance on petroleum could materially affect revenues 107. Consolidation among producers and customers could lead to less favorable pricing and supply terms, or direct sales from input manufacturers to cooperative customers, bypassing the company 108. The company is exposed to the risk of nonperformance and nonpayment by counterparties, including the inability or refusal to pay due to financial condition, operational failures, or cybersecurity events 109. Its risk management strategies, including hedging, may not be effective in mitigating exposure to commodity price fluctuations, transportation costs, energy prices, foreign currency exchange rates, and interest rates 110. Actual or perceived quality, safety, or health risks associated with products could lead to significant liability and reputational damage, especially with the rapid spread of information through social media 111. Operations are subject to business interruptions from events like natural disasters, cyberattacks, equipment failures, and labor disputes, with uninsured losses or losses exceeding coverage limits possible 112. Epidemics, pandemics, and public health developments could disrupt transportation, increase costs, and limit the ability to meet customer demand 113. Challenges in hiring, developing, and retaining employees, exacerbated by the rural nature of the business and increased remote work opportunities, could negatively impact operations 114. Technological improvements and sustainability initiatives, such as genetically engineered seeds or alternative energy sources, could decrease demand for agronomy and energy products 115. Advancements in Artificial Intelligence (AI) bring risks of system failure, data breaches, and inadvertent disclosure of sensitive information 116. The ongoing multiyear implementation of an enterprise resource planning system (ERP) requires significant capital and human resources, with potential flaws posing risks to operations and internal controls 117. Increasing scrutiny and changing expectations regarding environmental, social, and governance (ESG) practices may expose the company to new risks, regulatory fines, and reputational damage 118. Failures or delays in achieving climate change strategies or complying with evolving environmental regulations, such as the EU deforestation-free regulation ("EUDR") or the Renewable Fuel Standard ("RFS"), could increase costs, operational burdens, and litigation risk 119. Environmental liabilities and litigation, including lawsuits related to agricultural chemicals, could have a material adverse effect 120. The business is capital-intensive and relies on cash from operations and external financing, with access to capital potentially affected by financial institutions' policies concerning energy-related businesses 121. The cooperative structure limits the ability to access equity capital, as common stock cannot be sold, and preferred stock dividends are limited to 8% per annum 122.
Management Priorities
Management's focus is on income before income taxes ("IBIT") due to the significant unpredictability and volatility in pricing, costs, and global trade volumes inherent in global commodities, emphasizing managing margins and ensuring balance sheet strength through liquidity, leverage, capital allocation, and cash flow optimization 123. The company's business strategies center on empowering customers to make CHS their first choice, expanding market access to add value for owners, and transforming core businesses by capitalizing on changing market dynamics 124. To execute these strategies, the company is focused on implementing agile, efficient, and sustainable technology platforms; building robust and efficient supply chains; hiring, developing, and retaining high-performing, diverse, and passionate teams; achieving operational excellence and continuous improvement; and maintaining a strong balance sheet 125. For fiscal 2026, management expects global supply and demand factors impacting energy and agricultural commodities to be unfavorable, with a trend of reduced margins for these commodities expected to persist 126. The company will continue to execute its enterprise priorities for fiscal 2026, including maximizing platforms through integrated supply chains and capitalizing on domestic and global opportunities, as it navigates less favorable market conditions 127. Total capital expenditures for fiscal 2026 are expected to be approximately $575.1 million 128, and major maintenance is projected at approximately $53.3 million 129. The Board of Directors authorized approximately $30.0 million of fiscal 2025 patronage-sourced earnings and approximately $90.0 million of equity redemptions to be distributed in fiscal 2026 130. Preferred stock dividends of approximately $168.7 million are expected to be paid during fiscal 2026 131.
View Source Annual Report on SEC.gov ↗
References
- [1] Item 1, Business — THE COMPANY
- [2] Item 1, Business — THE COMPANY
- [3] Item 1, Business — THE COMPANY
- [4] Item 1, Business — THE COMPANY
- [5] Item 1, Business — THE COMPANY
- [6] Item 1, Business — THE COMPANY
- [7] Item 1, Business — THE COMPANY
- [8] Item 1, Business — ENERGY Overview
- [9] Item 1, Business — ENERGY Overview
- [10] Item 1, Business — Laurel refinery.
- [11] Item 1, Business — Laurel refinery.
- [12] Item 1, Business — McPherson refinery.
- [13] Item 1, Business — McPherson refinery.
- [14] Item 1, Business — ENERGY Overview
- [15] Item 1, Business — Sales and Marketing: Customers
- [16] Item 1, Business — Sales and Marketing: Customers
- [17] Item 1, Business — AG Overview
- [18] Item 1, Business — Operations Global grain and processing.
- [19] Item 1, Business — Operations Global grain and processing.
- [20] Item 1, Business — Operations Global grain and processing.
- [21] Item 1, Business — Ag retail.
- [22] Item 1, Business — Wholesale agronomy.
- [23] Item 1, Business — AG Overview
- [24] Item 1, Business — NITROGEN PRODUCTION Overview
- [25] Item 1, Business — NITROGEN PRODUCTION Overview
- [26] Item 1, Business — NITROGEN PRODUCTION Overview
- [27] Item 1, Business — NITROGEN PRODUCTION Overview
- [28] Item 1, Business — Corporate and Other Foods.
- [29] Item 1, Business — Corporate and Other Wheat milling.
- [30] Item 1, Business — THE COMPANY
- [31] Item 7, MD&A — Consolidated Statements of Operations
- [32] Item 7, MD&A — Consolidated Statements of Operations
- [33] Item 7, MD&A — Consolidated Statements of Operations
- [34] Item 7, MD&A — Consolidated Statements of Operations
- [35] Item 7, MD&A — Consolidated Statements of Operations
- [36] Item 7, MD&A — Consolidated Statements of Operations
- [37] Item 7, MD&A — Consolidated Statements of Operations
- [38] Item 7, MD&A — Consolidated Statements of Operations
- [39] Item 7, MD&A — Consolidated Statements of Operations
- [40] Item 7, MD&A — Consolidated Statements of Operations
- [41] Item 7, MD&A — Consolidated Statements of Operations
- [42] Item 7, MD&A — Consolidated Statements of Operations
- [43] Item 7, MD&A — Consolidated Statements of Operations
- [44] Item 7, MD&A — Consolidated Statements of Operations
- [45] Item 7, MD&A — Consolidated Statements of Operations
- [46] Item 7, MD&A — Liquidity and Capital Resources
- [47] Item 7, MD&A — Liquidity and Capital Resources
- [48] Item 7, MD&A — Liquidity and Capital Resources
- [49] Item 7, MD&A — Liquidity and Capital Resources
- [50] Item 7, MD&A — Liquidity and Capital Resources
- [51] Item 7, MD&A — Cash Flows
- [52] Item 7, MD&A — Consolidated Statements of Operations
- [53] Item 7, MD&A — Consolidated Statements of Operations
- [54] Item 7, MD&A — Consolidated Statements of Operations
- [55] Item 7, MD&A — Consolidated Statements of Operations
- [56] Item 7, MD&A — Consolidated Statements of Operations
- [57] Item 7, MD&A — Consolidated Statements of Operations
- [58] Item 7, MD&A — Consolidated Statements of Operations
- [59] Item 7, MD&A — Consolidated Statements of Operations
- [60] Item 7, MD&A — Consolidated Statements of Operations
- [61] Item 7, MD&A — Consolidated Statements of Operations
- [62] Item 7, MD&A — Revenues by Segment Energy
- [63] Item 7, MD&A — Revenues by Segment Energy
- [64] Item 7, MD&A — Revenues by Segment Energy
- [65] Item 7, MD&A — Revenues by Segment Energy
- [66] Item 7, MD&A — Ag Revenues
- [67] Item 7, MD&A — Ag Revenues
- [68] Item 7, MD&A — Ag Revenues
- [69] Item 7, MD&A — Ag Revenues
- [70] Item 7, MD&A — Ag Revenues
- [71] Item 7, MD&A — Ag Revenues
- [72] Item 7, MD&A — Ag Revenues
- [73] Item 7, MD&A — Ag Revenues
- [74] Item 7, MD&A — Equity Income from Investments
- [75] Item 7, MD&A — Equity Income from Investments
- [76] Item 7, MD&A — Equity Income from Investments
- [77] Item 7, MD&A — Equity Income from Investments
- [78] Item 7, MD&A — Interest Expense
- [79] Item 7, MD&A — Interest Expense
- [80] Item 7, MD&A — Interest Expense
- [81] Item 7, MD&A — Interest Expense
- [82] Item 7, MD&A — Energy Operating Metrics
- [83] Item 7, MD&A — Energy Operating Metrics
- [8] Item 8, Note 8 — Goodwill
- [85] Item 8, Note 8 — Other Intangible Assets
- [86] Item 8, Note 6 — Ardent Mills and Producer Ag
- [87] Item 7, MD&A — Fiscal 2026 Outlook
- [88] Item 7, MD&A — Fiscal 2026 Outlook
- [89] Item 7, MD&A — Fiscal 2026 Outlook
- [90] Item 7, MD&A — Summary of Our Major Uses of Cash and Cash Equivalents
- [91] Item 7, MD&A — Summary of Our Major Uses of Cash and Cash Equivalents
- [92] Item 7, MD&A — Summary of Our Major Uses of Cash and Cash Equivalents
- [93] Item 7, MD&A — Summary of Our Major Uses of Cash and Cash Equivalents
- [94] Item 7, MD&A — Summary of Our Major Uses of Cash and Cash Equivalents
- [95] Item 7, MD&A — Summary of Our Major Uses of Cash and Cash Equivalents
- [96] Item 7, MD&A — Summary of Our Major Uses of Cash and Cash Equivalents
- [97] Item 7, MD&A — Summary of Our Major Uses of Cash and Cash Equivalents
- [98] Item 1A, Risk Factors — Our revenues, results of operations and cash flows could be materially and adversely affected by changes in commodity prices.
- [99] Item 1A, Risk Factors — We are subject to political, economic, legal and other risks of doing business globally.
- [100] Item 1A, Risk Factors — Ongoing wars and global conflicts may adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
- [101] Item 1A, Risk Factors — Our business and operations and demand for our products are highly dependent on certain global and regional factors that are outside our control and could adversely impact our business.
- [102] Item 1A, Risk Factors — Our business and operations and demand for our products are highly dependent on certain global and regional factors that are outside our control and could adversely impact our business.
- [103] Item 1A, Risk Factors — Our business and operations and demand for our products are highly dependent on certain global and regional factors that are outside our control and could adversely impact our business.
- [104] Item 1A, Risk Factors — Inflation may result in increased costs, which could have a material and adverse effect on our results of operations.
- [105] Item 1A, Risk Factors — We participate in highly competitive business markets and we may not be able to continue to compete successfully, which could have a material adverse effect on us.
- [106] Item 1A, Risk Factors — Our revenues, margins, results of operations and cash flows could be materially and adversely affected if our members were to do business with other companies rather than with us.
- [107] Item 1A, Risk Factors — If our customers choose alternatives to our refined petroleum products, our revenues, results of operations and cash flows could be materially and adversely affected.
- [108] Item 1A, Risk Factors — Consolidation among producers of products we purchase and customers for products we sell could materially and adversely affect our revenues, results of operations and cash flows.
- [109] Item 1A, Risk Factors — We are exposed to risk of nonperformance and nonpayment by counterparties.
- [110] Item 1A, Risk Factors — Our risk management strategies may not be effective.
- [111] Item 1A, Risk Factors — Actual or perceived quality, safety or health risks associated with our products could subject us to significant liability and damage our business and reputation.
- [112] Item 1A, Risk Factors — Our operations are subject to business interruptions, casualty losses and supply chain issues. We do not insure against all potential losses and could be seriously harmed by unanticipated liabilities.
- [113] Item 1A, Risk Factors — Our business and operations have been, and may in the future, be adversely affected by epidemics, pandemics, outbreaks of disease and other adverse public health developments.
- [114] Item 1A, Risk Factors — We are subject to workforce factors that could adversely affect our business and financial condition.
- [115] Item 1A, Risk Factors — Technological improvements and sustainability initiatives could decrease demand for our agronomy and energy products.
- [116] Item 1A, Risk Factors — Artificial Intelligence (“AI”), including generative AI, advancements are progressing at an unprecedented pace, which brings risks that could subject us to loss through various technical, legal, and opportunistic-related risks.
- [117] Item 1A, Risk Factors — We utilize information technology systems to support our business. The ongoing multiyear implementation of an enterprisewide resource planning system, reliance on multiple legacy business systems as well as third-party data management providers and other vendors, security breaches or other disruptions to our information technology systems or assets could interfere with our operations, compromise the security of our customers' or suppliers' information and expose us to liability that could adversely impact our business and reputation.
- [118] Item 1A, Risk Factors — Increasing scrutiny and changing expectations from stakeholders with respect to our environmental, social and governance practices may expose us to new or additional risks.
- [119] Item 1A, Risk Factors — Failures or delays in achieving our strategies or expectations related to climate change and other environmental matters could adversely affect our business, operations and reputation, and increase risk of litigation.
- [120] Item 1A, Risk Factors — Environmental liabilities and litigation could have a material adverse effect on us.
- [121] Item 1A, Risk Factors — Our business is capital-intensive and we rely on cash generated from our operations and external financing to fund our strategies and ongoing capital needs.
- [122] Item 1A, Risk Factors — Our cooperative structure limits our ability to access equity capital.
- [123] Item 7, MD&A — Management's Focus
- [124] Item 7, MD&A — Business Strategy
- [125] Item 7, MD&A — Business Strategy
- [126] Item 7, MD&A — Fiscal 2026 Outlook
- [127] Item 7, MD&A — Fiscal 2026 Outlook
- [128] Item 7, MD&A — Summary of Our Major Uses of Cash and Cash Equivalents
- [129] Item 7, MD&A — Summary of Our Major Uses of Cash and Cash Equivalents
- [130] Item 7, MD&A — Summary of Our Major Uses of Cash and Cash Equivalents
- [131] Item 7, MD&A — Summary of Our Major Uses of Cash and Cash Equivalents
Analysis on 5/20/2026