Epsilon Energy Ltd.
EPSNBusiness Summary
Epsilon Energy Ltd. is a North American onshore-focused independent natural gas and oil company engaged in the acquisition, development, gathering, and production of natural gas and oil reserves 1. The company operates in the Appalachian Basin in Pennsylvania, the Powder River Basin in Wyoming, the Permian Basin in Texas and New Mexico, and the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin in Alberta, Canada 2. As of December 31, 2025, Epsilon's total estimated net proved reserves were 86.4 Bcf of natural gas, 9.3 MMBbls of oil, and 2.4 MMBbls of NGL reserves 3. The company holds leasehold rights to approximately 101,265 gross (54,044 net) acres 4.
Epsilon's core business model involves two operating segments: Upstream and Gathering System 5. The Upstream segment focuses on the acquisition, exploration, development, and production of oil and natural gas reserves 6. The Gathering System segment involves interest in a natural gas gathering system 7. Revenue is generated from the sale of natural gas, crude oil, and NGLs, as well as from fees for gas gathering and compression services 8. The company recognizes upstream revenue when control is transferred to the customer, typically at the delivery point, and gathering system revenue over time as services are provided 9.
For the year ended December 31, 2025, the Upstream segment generated $44,903,821 10 in revenue from gas, oil, NGL, and condensate sales, while the Gas Gathering segment generated $6,683,735 11 in revenue (net of elimination) from gathering and compression fees. Total consolidated operating revenue for the year was $51,587,556 12. The Upstream segment's operating loss was $3,812,219 13, and the Gas Gathering segment's operating income was $5,155,895 14.
Key financial metrics for the year ended December 31, 2025, include total revenue of $51,587,556 15, an operating loss of $10,517,383 16, and a net loss of $5,798,863 17. Basic and diluted net loss per share were both $0.25 18. Net cash provided by operating activities was $20,619,683 19. As of December 31, 2025, cash and cash equivalents stood at $8,959,954 20, and the company had a credit facility payable of $50,500,000 21.
Comparing 2025 to 2024, total revenues increased by $20.1 million 22, or 64% 23, from $31.5 million 24 in 2024 to $51.6 million 25 in 2025. Upstream natural gas revenue increased by $18.3 million 26, or 170% 27, due to higher prices and increased volumes from new and returning wells in Pennsylvania. Upstream natural gas liquids revenue increased by $0.5 million 28, or 34% 29, driven by higher volumes from new wells in the Permian and Powder River Basins and higher NGL prices. Upstream oil and condensate revenue increased by $0.1 million 30, or 1% 31, with increased production from new wells in the Permian and Powder River Basins largely offset by lower oil prices. Gathering system revenue (net of elimination) increased by $1.2 million 32, or 21% 33, primarily due to higher throughput and the displacement of cross-flow gas with higher-fee Anchor Shipper gas. The company's net income shifted from a profit of $1,927,800 34 in 2024 to a loss of $5,798,863 35 in 2025, which included a $19.3 million 36 loss on the sale of Anadarko Basin assets.
During 2025, Epsilon acquired Peak Exploration & Production LLC and Peak BLM Lease LLC (together, "Peak") on November 14, 2025, for a total consideration of $88.5 million 37, which included the issuance of 5,681,489 common shares valued at $27.6 million 38, contingent consideration of up to 2,500,000 common shares valued at $10.6 million 39, and the settlement of $50.3 million 40 of debt. The acquisition added 284 gross (60 net) wells 41 and 60,945 gross (39,566 net) acres 42 in Wyoming, contributing 16.8 Bcf of natural gas, 8.2 MMBbls of oil, and 2.0 MMBbls of natural gas liquids to proved reserves 43. Concurrently, on December 11, 2025, Epsilon divested Dewey Energy Holdings, LLC, selling all its interests in Oklahoma for $2.5 million 44, resulting in a $19.3 million 45 loss on sale. The company also closed a new senior secured reserve-based revolving credit facility on October 10, 2025, with a borrowing base of $80 million 46 and a maturity date of October 10, 2029 47.
Business Outlook
Epsilon anticipates that its current cash balance, available borrowings, and cash flows from operations will be sufficient to meet its cash requirements for at least the next twelve months 48. The company is committed to disciplined capital allocation, which may include shareholder returns in the form of dividends and/or share buybacks 49. Management plans to maintain a strong balance sheet and liquidity position to opportunistically invest in both existing project areas and potential new projects 50.
A major growth area for Epsilon is the integration and development of the assets acquired from Peak Exploration & Production LLC and Peak BLM Lease LLC in the Powder River Basin, Wyoming 51. This acquisition, completed on November 14, 2025, added 16.8 Bcf of natural gas, 8.2 MMBbls of oil, and 2.0 MMBbls of natural gas liquids to the company's proved reserves 52. The acquired assets are expected to materially increase the geographic diversification of revenues and provide enhanced flexibility to respond to market conditions by allocating capital across multiple basins and commodities 53.
The company also has a substantial remaining drillable location inventory within its existing leaseholds in Pennsylvania, Wyoming, and Texas 54. Capital expenditure commitments as of December 31, 2025, included $3.8 million 55 related to the drilling of 1 gross (0.25 net) well in Texas 56. The company's development capital spending to convert Proved Undeveloped Reserves to Proved Developed Reserves in 2025 included 4 gross (0.24 net) wells turned on line in Pennsylvania in January 2025 and 3 gross (0.04) wells turned on line in March 2025 57. In the Permian Basin, 1 gross (0.25 net) well went into production in July 2025 58, and in Canada, 2 gross (0.5 net) wells turned on line in March 2025 59.
Operationally, Epsilon aims to optimize its gathering system. The Auburn GGS's design suction pressure was reduced from 550 psig to 450 psig in January 2025 and further to 400 psig in December 2025 to minimize hydrate occurrences 60. The current system capacity of the Auburn CF at this lower design pressure is approximately 127,000 Mcf per day 61, and capacity could be increased by adding compression units or increasing design suction pressure if needed 62. The company is required to hedge 50% 63 of its forecasted Proved Developed Producing production over a rolling 18-month period, with this requirement dropping to 25% 64 for the last 6 months of the 18-month period if facility utilization falls below 50% 65.
Regarding capital allocation, the Board authorized a new share repurchase program on February 18, 2026, for up to 3,014,986 common shares 66, representing 10% 67 of outstanding common shares, for an aggregate purchase price of not more than US $15.0 million 68. This program commenced on February 19, 2026, and is set to expire on February 18, 2027 69. Epsilon made aggregate quarterly distributions of $6.0 million ($0.25 per share) 70 during 2025 and intends to maintain this dividend, subject to quarterly Board approval 71.
The company explicitly flagged geographic concentration as a structural headwind and execution risk. Approximately 67% 72 of its revenue during fiscal year 2025 was derived from natural gas production and gathering system revenues in Pennsylvania, and 19% 73 from oil, natural gas, and natural gas liquids revenues in Texas 74. This concentration exposes Epsilon to regional supply and demand factors, governmental regulation, processing or transportation capacity constraints, market limitations, weather events, or interruptions of crude oil or natural gas processing or transportation 75.
Risk Factors
Epsilon's business is highly dependent on volatile oil and natural gas prices, which can significantly impact revenues, profitability, liquidity, and future growth prospects 76. Declines in commodity prices could reduce economically producible reserves and potentially lead to impairments of proved properties 77. The company faces substantial capital requirements to replace and grow reserves, and there is no assurance that debt or equity financing will be available on acceptable terms or that cash generated by operations will be sufficient 78. The borrowing base under its credit facility, which is primarily based on the collateral value of Proved Developed Reserves, is subject to semi-annual redeterminations and could be reduced by commodity price declines or reserve changes, potentially forcing immediate debt repayment 79. Operational risks include shortages of drilling and completion rigs, equipment, and personnel, as well as hazards like fire, explosion, and environmental damage, for which the company may not be fully insured 80. The company's reserve estimates are inherently uncertain and subject to material revisions, and actual production, revenues, and costs may vary significantly from estimates 81. Geographic concentration, with 67% 82 of 2025 revenue from Pennsylvania and 19% 83 from Texas, exposes Epsilon to regional economic, regulatory, and capacity risks, including significant natural gas price discounts in northeast Pennsylvania due to limited interstate transportation capacity 84. Dependence on third-party operators for approximately 50% 85 of its oil and natural gas properties means Epsilon has limited control over their activities, and their failures could adversely affect production and revenues 86. Cybersecurity risks, including information theft, data corruption, and operational disruption, are also present, and insurance coverage may not be sufficient to cover all losses 87.
Management Priorities
Management's message to shareholders emphasizes a commitment to disciplined capital allocation, which could include shareholder returns in the form of dividends and/or share buybacks, and a plan to maintain a strong balance sheet and liquidity position to opportunistically invest in both existing project areas and potential new projects 88. The company intends to maintain its aggregate quarterly distributions of $6.0 million ($0.25 per share) 89, subject to quarterly Board approval 90. Strategic priorities for the period ahead include the integration and development of the recently acquired Peak assets in the Powder River Basin, Wyoming, which are expected to materially increase geographic diversification and provide enhanced flexibility to respond to market conditions 91. Additionally, management is focused on developing the substantial remaining drillable location inventory within existing leaseholds in Pennsylvania, Wyoming, and Texas 92, and optimizing the Auburn Gas Gathering System by operating at lower design suction pressures to reduce hydrate occurrences and potentially increasing capacity if required 93.
View Source Annual Report on SEC.gov ↗
References
- [1] Item 1, Business — Summary
- [2] Item 1, Business — Summary
- [3] Item 1, Business — Summary
- [4] Item 1, Business — Summary
- [5] Item 1, Business — Business Segments
- [6] Item 1, Business — Business Segments
- [7] Item 1, Business — Business Segments
- [8] Item 3, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies — Revenue Recognition
- [9] Item 3, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies — Revenue Recognition
- [10] Item 14, Operating Segments — Segment activity as of and for the year ended December 31, 2025
- [11] Item 14, Operating Segments — Segment activity as of and for the year ended December 31, 2025
- [12] Item 14, Operating Segments — Reconciliation of operating revenue
- [13] Item 14, Operating Segments — Segment operating (loss) income
- [14] Item 14, Operating Segments — Segment operating (loss) income
- [15] Item 7, MD&A — Results of Operations, Revenues
- [16] Item 7, MD&A — Results of Operations, Operating (loss) income
- [17] Item 7, MD&A — Results of Operations, Net (loss) income
- [18] Item 8, Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income — Net (loss) income per share, basic and diluted
- [19] Item 8, Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows — Net cash provided by operating activities
- [20] Item 8, Consolidated Balance Sheets — Cash and cash equivalents
- [21] Item 8, Consolidated Balance Sheets — Credit facility payable
- [22] Item 7, MD&A — Results of Operations, Revenues
- [23] Item 7, MD&A — Results of Operations, Revenues
- [24] Item 7, MD&A — Results of Operations, Revenues
- [25] Item 7, MD&A — Results of Operations, Revenues
- [26] Item 7, MD&A — Results of Operations, Revenues
- [27] Item 7, MD&A — Results of Operations, Revenues
- [28] Item 7, MD&A — Results of Operations, Revenues
- [29] Item 7, MD&A — Results of Operations, Revenues
- [30] Item 7, MD&A — Results of Operations, Revenues
- [31] Item 7, MD&A — Results of Operations, Revenues
- [32] Item 7, MD&A — Results of Operations, Revenues
- [33] Item 7, MD&A — Results of Operations, Revenues
- [34] Item 7, MD&A — Net (Loss) Income Compared to Adjusted EBITDA
- [35] Item 7, MD&A — Net (Loss) Income Compared to Adjusted EBITDA
- [36] Item 7, MD&A — Loss on Sale of Assets
- [37] Item 1, Business — Summary
- [38] Item 1, Business — Summary
- [39] Item 1, Business — Summary
- [40] Item 1, Business — Summary
- [41] Item 7, MD&A — Overview
- [42] Item 7, MD&A — Overview
- [43] Item 1, Business — Recent Developments, Business Combination
- [44] Item 1, Business — Recent Developments, Asset Sale
- [45] Item 1, Business — Recent Developments, Asset Sale
- [46] Item 1, Business — Recent Developments, Credit Facility
- [47] Item 1, Business — Recent Developments, Credit Facility
- [48] Item 7, MD&A — Capital Resources and Liquidity, Cash Flow
- [49] Item 7, MD&A — Overview
- [50] Item 7, MD&A — Overview
- [51] Item 1, Business — Summary
- [52] Item 1, Business — Recent Developments, Business Combination
- [53] Item 1, Business — Geographic Locations of Operations
- [54] Item 7, MD&A — Overview
- [55] Item 7, MD&A — Contractual Obligations
- [56] Item 7, MD&A — Contractual Obligations
- [57] Item 1, Business — Proved Reserves, Changes in Total Proved Undeveloped Reserves
- [58] Item 1, Business — Proved Reserves, Changes in Total Proved Undeveloped Reserves
- [59] Item 1, Business — Proved Reserves, Changes in Total Proved Undeveloped Reserves
- [60] Item 1, Business — Gathering System Operations
- [61] Item 1, Business — Gathering System Operations
- [62] Item 1, Business — Gathering System Operations
- [63] Item 7, MD&A — Credit Agreement
- [64] Item 7, MD&A — Credit Agreement
- [65] Item 7, MD&A — Credit Agreement
- [66] Item 7, MD&A — Repurchase Transactions
- [67] Item 7, MD&A — Repurchase Transactions
- [68] Item 7, MD&A — Repurchase Transactions
- [69] Item 7, MD&A — Repurchase Transactions
- [70] Item 1, Business — Dividends
- [71] Item 1, Business — Dividends
- [72] Item 1, Business — Geographic Locations of Operations
- [73] Item 1, Business — Geographic Locations of Operations
- [74] Item 1, Business — Geographic Locations of Operations
- [75] Item 1, Business — Geographic Locations of Operations
- [76] Item 1A, Risk Factors — Risks Related to Commodity Prices, Hedging and Marketing
- [77] Item 1A, Risk Factors — Risks Related to Oil and Natural Gas Reserves
- [78] Item 1A, Risk Factors — Risks Related to Stage of Development, Structure and Capital Resources
- [79] Item 1A, Risk Factors — Risks Related to Stage of Development, Structure and Capital Resources
- [80] Item 1A, Risk Factors — Risks Related to Oil and Natural Gas Reserves
- [81] Item 1A, Risk Factors — Our reserve estimates may be inaccurate, and future net cash flows as well as our ability to replace any reserves are uncertain.
- [82] Item 1A, Risk Factors — Our operations are currently geographically concentrated and therefore subject to regional economic, regulatory and capacity risks.
- [83] Item 1A, Risk Factors — Our operations are currently geographically concentrated and therefore subject to regional economic, regulatory and capacity risks.
- [84] Item 1A, Risk Factors — Our operations are currently geographically concentrated and therefore subject to regional economic, regulatory and capacity risks.
- [85] Item 1A, Risk Factors — We depend on third-party operators and our key personnel, and competition for experienced technical personnel may negatively affect our operations.
- [86] Item 1A, Risk Factors — We depend on third-party operators and our key personnel, and competition for experienced technical personnel may negatively affect our operations.
- [87] Item 1A, Risk Factors — We are subject to cybersecurity risks.
- [88] Item 7, MD&A — Overview
- [89] Item 1, Business — Dividends
- [90] Item 1, Business — Dividends
- [91] Item 1, Business — Geographic Locations of Operations
- [92] Item 7, MD&A — Overview
- [93] Item 1, Business — Gathering System Operations
Analysis on 5/21/2026