FORD MOTOR CO
FBusiness Summary
Ford Motor Company is a global automotive and mobility company based in Dearborn, Michigan, operating through three customer-centered business segments: Ford Blue, Ford Model e, and Ford Pro, along with a financial services segment, Ford Credit. The worldwide automotive industry is affected significantly by general economic and political conditions, and the industry is highly competitive with a wide and growing variety of product and service offerings from a growing number of manufacturers. The company sells vehicles, parts, and accessories through a network of approximately 8,226 1 dealerships worldwide as of December 31, 2025, the substantial majority of which are independently owned. Ford's vehicle brands are Ford and Lincoln, and in 2025 the company sold approximately 4,395,000 2 vehicles at wholesale throughout the world.
The worldwide automotive industry consists of many producers, with no single dominant producer. Ford's competitive position is influenced by how its products are perceived by customers compared to those offered by other manufacturers based on factors including price, quality, styling, reliability, safety, fuel efficiency, functionality, sustainability, and reputation. In the United States, Ford's market share was 13.2% 3 in 2025, up from 12.6% 4 in 2024 and 12.4% 5 in 2023. In Canada, market share was 15.2% 6 in 2025, and in the United Kingdom it was 9.8% 7.
Ford generates revenue primarily through the sale of vehicles, parts, accessories, and services from its Ford Blue, Ford Model e, and Ford Pro segments, with revenue recorded when control is transferred to customers, generally when products are shipped from manufacturing facilities. The Ford Credit segment earns revenue primarily from payments made under retail installment sale and finance lease contracts, operating lease contracts, interest rate supplements and other support payments from Ford and its affiliates, and payments made under dealer financing programs. Revenue from extended service contracts is recognized over the term of the agreement in proportion to the costs expected to be incurred, and revenue related to other future or stand-ready performance obligations is generally recognized on a straight-line basis.
Ford Blue primarily includes the sale of Ford and Lincoln internal combustion engine and hybrid vehicles, service parts, accessories, and digital services for retail customers, along with the associated costs of development, manufacture, and distribution. In 2025, Ford Blue reported revenue of $101,019 million 8 and EBIT of $3,024 million 9 with an EBIT margin of 3.0% 10. Ford Model e primarily includes the sale of electric vehicles, including extended range electric vehicles, service parts, accessories, and digital services for retail customers, and focuses on developing EV and digital vehicle technologies as well as software development. In 2025, Ford Model e reported revenue of $6,670 million 11 and an EBIT loss of $4,806 million 12 with an EBIT margin of negative 72.1% 13. Ford Pro primarily includes the sale of Ford and Lincoln vehicles, service parts, accessories, and services for commercial, government, and rental customers, and focuses on selling ICE, hybrid, and electric vehicles and providing digital and physical services to optimize and maintain fleets. In 2025, Ford Pro reported revenue of $66,286 million 14 and EBIT of $6,843 million 15 with an EBIT margin of 10.3% 16. Ford Credit provides vehicle-related financing and leasing activities, and in 2025 reported earnings before taxes of $2,557 million 17 and total net receivables of $146.3 billion 18.
In December 2025, Ford announced an updated EV strategy, including the cancellation of three previously planned EVs and ending production of the current generation F-150 Lightning EV, resulting in an $8.4 billion 19 pre-tax non-cash impairment charge for Model e long-lived assets, $1.1 billion 20 of non-cash asset write-downs related to EV program cancellations, and $1.2 billion 21 of other charges to be paid in cash. Also in December 2025, Ford, SK On Co., Ltd., and SK Battery America, Inc., and BlueOval SK, LLC entered into a Joint Venture Disposition Agreement, pursuant to which Ford's membership interest in BOSK will be redeemed, and a Ford subsidiary will receive BOSK's two Kentucky plants and related assets and assume the related liabilities, resulting in a $3.2 billion 22 pre-tax non-cash impairment charge recorded in the fourth quarter of 2025. In total, in the fourth quarter of 2025, Ford recorded about $13.8 billion 23 of charges related to its updated EV strategy and the expected disposition of its BOSK investment. Ford's gross costs related to tariffs implemented or revised in 2025 was about $3 billion 24, and the net EBIT impact was about $2 billion 25 after offsets. As of December 31, 2025, Ford recognized a receivable of $974 million 26 reflecting tariffs paid but for which it had not yet received refunds.
In 2025, total Company revenue was $187,267 million 27, compared to $184,992 million 28 in 2024. The net loss attributable to Ford Motor Company was $8,182 million 29 in 2025, compared to net income of $5,879 million 30 in 2024. Company adjusted EBIT was $6,780 million 31 in 2025, compared to $10,208 million 32 in 2024. Diluted earnings per share was a loss of $2.06 33 in 2025, compared to earnings of $1.46 34 in 2024. Net income margin was negative 4.4% 35 in 2025, down from 3.2% 36 in 2024. Company adjusted EBIT margin was 3.6% 37 in 2025, down from 5.5% 38 in 2024. Cash flows from operating activities were $21.3 billion 39 in 2025, compared to $15.4 billion 40 in 2024.
Business Outlook
For full-year 2026, Ford expects adjusted EBIT of $8.0 billion to $10.0 billion 41 and adjusted free cash flow of $5.0 billion to $6.0 billion 42. On a segment basis, Ford expects Ford Pro EBIT of $6.5 billion to $7.5 billion 43, Ford Blue EBIT of $4.0 billion to $4.5 billion 44, Ford Model e EBIT loss of $4.0 billion to $4.5 billion 45, and Ford Credit EBT of about $2.5 billion 46. The outlook assumes a U.S. SAAR of 16.0 million to 16.5 million 47 and flat U.S. industry pricing.
Ford's growth strategy, the Ford+ plan, is designed to leverage foundational strengths with enhanced capabilities to enrich customer experiences and deepen loyalty, transforming the business into a higher growth, higher margin, more capital efficient, and more durable company. The strategy involves providing customers freedom of choice to select the powertrain that best suits their needs and maintaining manufacturing flexibility to meet shifting customer demand. Ford is making substantial investments in electrification, connectivity, digital and physical services, and software services, including the development of BlueCruise, its hands-free highway driving system, and the ramp of Ford Energy. The company is also evaluating and implementing alternative distribution models and channels for its products and services.
Ford's growth also depends on the development and deployment of secure digital services that appeal to customers, retaining existing subscribers, and growing subscription rates. The company is devoting significant resources to develop this business and has announced plans and expectations for integrated services to become a larger portion of its revenue and earnings. Ford is also focused on expanding its commercial vehicle business through Ford Pro, which helps commercial customers transform and expand their businesses with vehicles and services tailored to their needs, including telematics and EV charging solutions.
For 2026, Ford expects lower tariff costs of about $1.0 billion 48, reflecting a full year's worth of credit expansion, and further material and warranty cost reductions. These lower costs are expected to offset about $1.0 billion 49 of higher commodity prices, driven by inflation, and incremental investment in support of the Universal EV platform, the ramp of Ford Energy, and cycle plan actions. Excluding the impact of Novelis, Ford expects about flat cost, with positive market factors including favorable mix associated with the sunset of low-margin nameplates and benefits from changes in the U.S. regulatory environment.
With respect to the Novelis aluminum supply disruption, in 2025 the fires were a headwind of $2 billion 50. In 2026, Ford expects a year-over-year improvement of about $1.0 billion 51, which includes $1.5 billion to $2.0 billion 52 of temporary costs, including tariffs, attributable to continuity in aluminum supply. Capital spending is expected to be in the range of $9.5 billion to $10.5 billion 53 in 2026. During 2026, Ford expects to contribute about $550 million 54 to its global funded pension plans and expects to make about $400 million 55 of benefit payments to participants in unfunded plans.
Ford generally targets shareholder distributions of 40% to 50% 56 of adjusted free cash flow. On February 2, 2026, Ford declared a regular dividend of $0.15 57 per share. Ford Credit projects full year public term funding in the range of $24 billion to $30 billion 58 for 2026.
Ford faces significant headwinds from trade policy, including tariffs implemented in the United States and elsewhere, which have caused significant disruption, increased costs, and uncertainty in the automotive industry. The company notes that tariffs, particularly on auto parts for U.S. assembly, if sustained for an extended period of time, will have a significant adverse effect on U.S. production and the overall automotive industry. Additionally, the EV market continues to evolve with lower-than-anticipated industrywide EV adoption rates due to changes in consumer sentiment, competitive dynamics, legal and policy changes, and significant developments in vehicle pricing dynamics, which may be further exacerbated by policy changes in the United States that have reduced or eliminated supply- and demand-side EV incentives.
Ford also faces constraints from the potential for further production disruptions, including from the Novelis aluminum supply situation, and from the ongoing volatility in commodity and energy prices, foreign currency exchange rates, and interest rates. The company's ability to comply with increasingly stringent and changing safety, emissions, fuel economy, and environmental regulations across different jurisdictions presents a significant constraint, particularly as the pace of EV adoption and slower-than-anticipated development of the EV market may impact its strategy to comply with regulatory standards.
Risk Factors
Ford faces material risks from the significant and uncertain impact of trade policy, including tariffs, which in 2025 resulted in gross costs of about $3 billion 59 and a net EBIT impact of about $2 billion 60. The company's long-term success depends on executing the Ford+ plan and improving cost competitiveness, and failure to do so could have an adverse effect. Product quality issues have led and could continue to lead to recall campaigns and increased warranty costs; for example, Ford has 3.5 million 61 vehicles with Takata desiccated airbag inflators and 2.5 million 62 vehicles with ARC Automotive inflators under NHTSA review. The company is highly dependent on its supply chain, and disruptions such as the Novelis aluminum plant fires, which caused a $2 billion 63 headwind in 2025, can significantly impact production. Ford's substantial investments in electrification are subject to risks from lower-than-anticipated EV adoption rates, which have led to charges including $8.4 billion 64 in asset impairments and $3.2 billion 65 for the BOSK joint venture disposition. The company also faces risks from multi-year offtake agreements for raw materials, with estimated maximum purchase commitments of approximately $4.7 billion 66 through 2035, which could result in financial obligations if demand is lower than expected.
Management Priorities
Management's message emphasizes the Ford+ plan for growth and value creation, which combines existing strengths with new capabilities and always-on relationships with customers. The tone is focused on navigating a complex global environment, including significant challenges from trade policy, the evolving EV market, and the need to improve cost competitiveness and quality. Key strategic priorities for the period ahead include executing the Ford+ plan, improving cost competitiveness and quality, and optimizing capital allocation among vehicles, services, and technology. Management provided specific 2026 guidance for adjusted EBIT of $8.0 billion to $10.0 billion 67 and adjusted free cash flow of $5.0 billion to $6.0 billion 68, with segment-level expectations for Ford Pro EBIT of $6.5 billion to $7.5 billion 69, Ford Blue EBIT of $4.0 billion to $4.5 billion 70, Ford Model e EBIT loss of $4.0 billion to $4.5 billion 71, and Ford Credit EBT of about $2.5 billion 72.
View Source Annual Report on SEC.gov ↗
References
- [1] Item 1, Business — Dealerships
- [2] Item 1, Business — Wholesales
- [3] Item 1, Business — Sales, Industry Volume, and Market Share
- [4] Item 1, Business — Sales, Industry Volume, and Market Share
- [5] Item 1, Business — Sales, Industry Volume, and Market Share
- [6] Item 1, Business — Sales, Industry Volume, and Market Share
- [7] Item 1, Business — Sales, Industry Volume, and Market Share
- [8] Item 7, MD&A — Ford Blue Segment
- [9] Item 7, MD&A — Ford Blue Segment
- [10] Item 7, MD&A — Ford Blue Segment
- [11] Item 7, MD&A — Ford Model e Segment
- [12] Item 7, MD&A — Ford Model e Segment
- [13] Item 7, MD&A — Ford Model e Segment
- [14] Item 7, MD&A — Ford Pro Segment
- [15] Item 7, MD&A — Ford Pro Segment
- [16] Item 7, MD&A — Ford Pro Segment
- [17] Item 7, MD&A — Ford Credit Segment
- [18] Item 7, MD&A — Ford Credit Segment
- [19] Item 7, MD&A — Key Trends and Economic Factors
- [20] Item 7, MD&A — Key Trends and Economic Factors
- [21] Item 7, MD&A — Key Trends and Economic Factors
- [22] Item 7, MD&A — Key Trends and Economic Factors
- [23] Item 7, MD&A — Key Trends and Economic Factors
- [24] Item 7, MD&A — Key Trends and Economic Factors
- [25] Item 7, MD&A — Key Trends and Economic Factors
- [26] Item 7, MD&A — Key Trends and Economic Factors
- [27] Item 7, MD&A — Company Key Metrics
- [28] Item 7, MD&A — Company Key Metrics
- [29] Item 7, MD&A — Company Key Metrics
- [30] Item 7, MD&A — Company Key Metrics
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- [35] Item 7, MD&A — Company Key Metrics
- [36] Item 7, MD&A — Company Key Metrics
- [37] Item 7, MD&A — Company Key Metrics
- [38] Item 7, MD&A — Company Key Metrics
- [39] Item 7, MD&A — Company Key Metrics
- [40] Item 7, MD&A — Company Key Metrics
- [41] Item 7, MD&A — Outlook
- [42] Item 7, MD&A — Outlook
- [43] Item 7, MD&A — Outlook
- [44] Item 7, MD&A — Outlook
- [45] Item 7, MD&A — Outlook
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- [49] Item 7, MD&A — Outlook
- [50] Item 7, MD&A — Outlook
- [51] Item 7, MD&A — Outlook
- [52] Item 7, MD&A — Outlook
- [53] Item 7, MD&A — Liquidity and Capital Resources
- [54] Item 7, MD&A — Total Company Pension and OPEB Plan
- [55] Item 7, MD&A — Total Company Pension and OPEB Plan
- [56] Item 7, MD&A — Liquidity and Capital Resources
- [57] Item 5, Market for Registrant's Common Equity — Dividends
- [58] Item 7, MD&A — Ford Credit Segment
- [59] Item 7, MD&A — Key Trends and Economic Factors
- [60] Item 7, MD&A — Key Trends and Economic Factors
- [61] Item 1A, Risk Factors
- [62] Item 1A, Risk Factors
- [63] Item 7, MD&A — Outlook
- [64] Item 7, MD&A — Key Trends and Economic Factors
- [65] Item 7, MD&A — Key Trends and Economic Factors
- [66] Item 7, MD&A — Liquidity and Capital Resources
- [67] Item 7, MD&A — Outlook
- [68] Item 7, MD&A — Outlook
- [69] Item 7, MD&A — Outlook
- [70] Item 7, MD&A — Outlook
- [71] Item 7, MD&A — Outlook
- [72] Item 7, MD&A — Outlook
- [73] Item 7, MD&A — Company Key Metrics
- [74] Item 7, MD&A — Company Key Metrics
- [75] Item 7, MD&A — Company Key Metrics
- [76] Item 7, MD&A — Company Key Metrics
- [77] Item 7, MD&A — Company Key Metrics
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- [79] Item 7, MD&A — Company Key Metrics
- [80] Item 7, MD&A — Company Key Metrics
- [81] Item 7, MD&A — Non-GAAP Financial Measure Reconciliations
- [82] Item 7, MD&A — Non-GAAP Financial Measure Reconciliations
- [83] Item 7, MD&A — Liquidity and Capital Resources
- [84] Item 7, MD&A — Liquidity and Capital Resources
- [85] Item 7, MD&A — Liquidity and Capital Resources
- [86] Item 7, MD&A — Results of Operations 2025
- [87] Item 7, MD&A — Results of Operations 2025
- [88] Item 7, MD&A — Results of Operations 2025
- [89] Item 7, MD&A — Results of Operations 2025
- [90] Item 7, MD&A — Results of Operations 2025
- [91] Item 7, MD&A — Results of Operations 2025
- [92] Item 7, MD&A — Ford Blue Segment
- [93] Item 7, MD&A — Ford Blue Segment
- [94] Item 7, MD&A — Ford Model e Segment
- [95] Item 7, MD&A — Ford Model e Segment
- [96] Item 7, MD&A — Ford Pro Segment
- [97] Item 7, MD&A — Ford Pro Segment
- [98] Item 7, MD&A — Ford Credit Segment
- [99] Item 7, MD&A — Ford Credit Segment
Analysis on 6/21/2026