FIRST MERCHANTS CORP
FRMEBusiness Summary
First Merchants Corporation operates as a financial holding company headquartered in Muncie, Indiana, with its business activities currently limited to one significant business segment, which is community banking. The Corporation conducts its banking operations through First Merchants Bank, a wholly-owned subsidiary that opened for business in Muncie, Indiana in March 1893. The Bank includes 111 banking locations in Indiana, Ohio, and Michigan, and also operates First Merchants Private Wealth Advisors as a division. In addition to its branch network, the Corporation offers comprehensive electronic and mobile delivery channels to its customers.
The Bank faces substantial competition across all areas of its operations from a variety of competitors, many of which are larger and have more financial resources. Such competitors primarily include national, regional and internet banks within the various markets in which the Bank operates, though the Bank also competes with smaller community banks that seek to offer similar service levels. The Bank also faces competition from many other types of institutions, including savings and loans associations, credit unions, finance companies, brokerage firms, insurance companies, and other financial intermediaries. The Bank believes that the most important criteria to its targeted clients when selecting a bank include the quality of customer service and convenient access to a broad array of financial products, and that many of its targeted clients prefer to deal with an institution that favors local decision making.
Through the Bank, the Corporation offers a broad range of commercial and consumer banking services. The commercial banking team offers a full spectrum of debt capital, treasury management services and depository products. The consumer banking group offers a variety of consumer deposit and lending products. The mortgage banking team offers consumer mortgage solutions to assist with the purchase, refinance, construction or renovation of residential properties. Private Wealth Advisors offers personal wealth management services with expertise in investment management, private banking, fiduciary estate and financial planning. All inter-company transactions are eliminated during the preparation of consolidated financial statements.
The Corporation's commercial banking team offers a full spectrum of debt capital, treasury management services and depository products. The consumer banking group offers a variety of consumer deposit and lending products. The mortgage banking team offers consumer mortgage solutions to assist with the purchase, refinance, construction or renovation of residential properties. Private Wealth Advisors offers personal wealth management services with expertise in investment management, private banking, fiduciary estate and financial planning.
The Corporation's loan portfolio is composed of several major categories. Commercial and industrial loans totaled $4,478,282 1 as of December 31, 2025, representing 32.4 percent 2 of total loans. Agricultural land, production and other loans to farmers totaled $283,125 3, representing 2.1 percent 4 of total loans. Real estate loans included construction loans of $804,775 5 (5.8 percent 6), commercial real estate non-owner occupied loans of $2,338,666 7 (17.0 percent 8), commercial real estate owner occupied loans of $1,237,100 9 (9.0 percent 10), residential loans of $2,420,310 11 (17.5 percent 12), and home equity loans of $710,980 13 (5.2 percent 14). Individuals' loans for household and other personal expenditures totaled $155,436 15 (1.1 percent 16), and public finance and other commercial loans totaled $1,363,033 17 (9.9 percent 18). The total loan portfolio was $13,791,707 19 as of December 31, 2025.
On February 1, 2026, the Corporation completed the acquisition of First Savings Financial Group, Inc., an Indiana corporation, pursuant to the Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of September 24, 2025. First Savings was headquartered in Jeffersonville, Indiana and had 16 banking centers serving the southern Indiana market and had total assets of $2.4 billion 20 (unaudited), total loans of $1.9 billion 21 (unaudited), and total deposits of $1.7 billion 22 (unaudited) as of December 31, 2025. For the year ended December 31, 2025, the Corporation recorded merger-related expenses of $0.8 million 23 related to the First Savings acquisition. On March 18, 2025, the Board of Directors approved a stock repurchase program of up to 2,927,000 24 shares of the Corporation's outstanding common stock, provided that the total aggregate investment in shares repurchased under the program may not exceed $100.0 million 25. The Corporation repurchased 1.2 million 26 shares of its common stock pursuant to the repurchase program during 2025, for total consideration of $46.9 million 27. As of December 31, 2025, approximately 1.7 million 28 shares remained available for repurchase under the program, with an aggregate remaining authorization of $53.1 million 29.
The Corporation reported net income available to common stockholders for the year ended 2025 of $224.1 million 30 and diluted earnings per common share of $3.88 31, compared to $199.5 million 32 and $3.41 33 for the year ended 2024. Total assets equaled $19.0 billion 34 as of December 31, 2025, an increase of $713.1 million 35, or 3.9 percent 36, from December 31, 2024. Net interest income was $536,013 37 for 2025 compared to $521,114 38 for 2024. Noninterest income was $126,934 39 for 2025 compared to $125,580 40 for 2024. Noninterest expense was $382,583 41 for 2025 compared to $379,266 42 for 2024.
Business Outlook
The Corporation anticipates that it will continue its policy of geographic expansion of its banking business through the acquisition of banks whose operations are consistent with its banking philosophy. Management routinely explores opportunities to acquire financial institutions and other financial services-related businesses and to enter into strategic alliances to expand the scope of the Corporation's services and customer base. Future acquisitions and divestitures will be driven by a disciplined financial evaluation process and will be consistent with the Corporation's strategy of community banking, client relationships and consistent quality earnings. As with previous acquisitions, the consideration paid in future acquisitions may be in the form of cash or First Merchants common stock, or a combination thereof.
The Corporation completed the acquisition of First Savings Financial Group, Inc. on February 1, 2026, which had 16 banking centers serving the southern Indiana market and had total assets of $2.4 billion 43 (unaudited), total loans of $1.9 billion 44 (unaudited), and total deposits of $1.7 billion 45 (unaudited) as of December 31, 2025. The Corporation engaged in this transaction with the objective that the transaction would be accretive to earnings and add to the existing market area in Indiana that has a demographic profile consistent with many of the current Midwest markets served by the Bank.
The Corporation's commercial banking team offers a full spectrum of debt capital, treasury management services and depository products. The consumer banking group offers a variety of consumer deposit and lending products. The mortgage banking team offers consumer mortgage solutions to assist with the purchase, refinance, construction or renovation of residential properties. Private Wealth Advisors offers personal wealth management services with expertise in investment management, private banking, fiduciary estate and financial planning.
The Corporation's net interest margin on an FTE basis increased 6 basis points to 3.25 percent 46 for the year ended December 31, 2025 compared to 3.19 percent 47 for the same period in 2024. The net interest margin improved driven by a 35 basis point reduction in the cost of interest-bearing liabilities to 2.82 percent 48 from 3.17 percent 49. The efficiency ratio was 54.54 percent 50 for 2025 compared to 53.55 percent 51 for 2024.
As of December 31, 2025, the Corporation and its subsidiaries had 2,086 full-time equivalent employees 52. The Bank set a goal in 2025 to maintain a 20 percent or lower voluntary turnover rate and achieved an overall turnover rate of 18 percent 53 in 2025. The Corporation offers an education assistance program and in 2025, over 55 employees 54 participated in this program. Training completion rates were very high related to required development at 99.7 percent 55 completion for required courses.
On March 18, 2025, the Board of Directors of the Corporation approved a stock repurchase program of up to 2,927,000 56 shares of the Corporation's outstanding common stock, provided that the total aggregate investment in shares repurchased under the program may not exceed $100.0 million 57. The Corporation repurchased 1.2 million 58 shares of its common stock pursuant to the repurchase program during 2025, for total consideration of $46.9 million 59. As of December 31, 2025, approximately 1.7 million 60 shares remained available for repurchase under the program, with an aggregate remaining authorization of $53.1 million 61. The Corporation has traditionally paid a quarterly dividend to common stockholders, with cash dividends paid to common stockholders of $1.43 62 in 2025 compared to $1.39 63 in 2024.
The Corporation's business activities and earnings are affected by general business conditions in the United States and abroad, including short-term and long-term interest rates, inflation, monetary supply, fluctuations in both debt and equity capital markets, and the strength of the United States economy and the state and local economies in which the Corporation operates. The Corporation's offices are primarily located in Indiana, Ohio and Michigan. Worsening economic conditions in these market areas could negatively impact the financial condition, results of operations and stock price of the Corporation. Changes in the domestic interest rate environment could affect the Corporation's net interest income as well as the valuation of assets and liabilities.
The Corporation is subject to extensive regulation under federal and state laws, and changes in the laws, regulations and policies governing banks and financial services companies could alter the Corporation's business environment and adversely affect operations. The Corporation and the Bank are heavily regulated at the federal and state levels, and Congress and state legislatures and federal and state agencies continually review banking laws, regulations and policies for possible changes. The Corporation's FDIC insurance premiums may increase, and special assessments could be made, which might negatively impact its results of operations.
Risk Factors
The Corporation's allowances for credit losses may not be adequate to cover actual losses, as the determination of appropriate levels involves a high degree of subjectivity and judgment, and the Corporation adopted the CECL model on January 1, 2021, which substantially changed how it calculates allowances. The Corporation had goodwill of $712.0 million 64 recorded on its Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2025, and a write-down of all or part of this goodwill could materially reduce net income and net worth. Changes in the domestic interest rate environment could affect net interest income and the valuation of assets and liabilities, and the Corporation's operations are dependent to a large degree on net interest income, which is the difference between interest income from loans and investments and interest expense on deposits and borrowings. The Corporation's wholesale funding sources may prove insufficient to replace deposits or support future growth, and as of December 31, 2025, uninsured deposits totaled 28.6 percent 65 of total deposits. Acquisitions may not produce revenue enhancements or cost savings at levels or within timeframes originally anticipated and may result in unforeseen integration difficulties, as the Corporation regularly explores opportunities to acquire banks and other financial institutions.
Management Priorities
Management's discussion and analysis conveys a tone of disciplined financial management and strategic growth, emphasizing the completion of the First Savings acquisition on February 1, 2026, which had total assets of $2.4 billion 66 (unaudited), total loans of $1.9 billion 67 (unaudited), and total deposits of $1.7 billion 68 (unaudited) as of December 31, 2025, with the objective that the transaction would be accretive to earnings. Key strategic priorities include geographic expansion through disciplined acquisitions, maintaining strong capital ratios with the Corporation being well capitalized based on required Basel III Minimum Capital ratios, and optimizing the balance sheet as evidenced by the repositioning of the investment securities portfolio in 2024 and the stock repurchase program approved on March 18, 2025 for up to 2,927,000 69 shares not to exceed $100.0 million 70. Management also emphasizes credit quality, noting that the allowance for credit losses on loans totaled $195.6 million 71 as of December 31, 2025 and equaled 1.42 percent 72 of total loans, and that the Corporation continued to maintain all regulatory capital ratios in excess of the regulatory definition of well-capitalized.
View Source Annual Report on SEC.gov ↗
References
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- [20] Item 1, Business — Business Developments
- [21] Item 1, Business — Business Developments
- [22] Item 1, Business — Business Developments
- [23] Item 1, Business — Business Developments
- [24] Item 5, Market for Registrant's Common Equity — Purchases of Equity Securities
- [25] Item 5, Market for Registrant's Common Equity — Purchases of Equity Securities
- [26] Item 7, MD&A — Capital
- [27] Item 7, MD&A — Capital
- [28] Item 5, Market for Registrant's Common Equity — Purchases of Equity Securities
- [29] Item 7, MD&A — Capital
- [30] Item 7, MD&A — Results of Operations - 2025
- [31] Item 7, MD&A — Financial Highlights
- [32] Item 7, MD&A — Results of Operations - 2025
- [33] Item 7, MD&A — Financial Highlights
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- [36] Item 7, MD&A — Results of Operations - 2025
- [37] Item 7, MD&A — Financial Highlights
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- [40] Item 7, MD&A — Financial Highlights
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- [42] Item 7, MD&A — Financial Highlights
- [43] Item 1, Business — Business Developments
- [44] Item 1, Business — Business Developments
- [45] Item 1, Business — Business Developments
- [46] Item 7, MD&A — Net Interest Income
- [47] Item 7, MD&A — Net Interest Income
- [48] Item 7, MD&A — Net Interest Income
- [49] Item 7, MD&A — Net Interest Income
- [50] Item 7, MD&A — Financial Highlights
- [51] Item 7, MD&A — Financial Highlights
- [52] Item 1, Business — Human Capital
- [53] Item 1, Business — Human Capital
- [54] Item 1, Business — Human Capital
- [55] Item 1, Business — Human Capital
- [56] Item 5, Market for Registrant's Common Equity — Purchases of Equity Securities
- [57] Item 5, Market for Registrant's Common Equity — Purchases of Equity Securities
- [58] Item 7, MD&A — Capital
- [59] Item 7, MD&A — Capital
- [60] Item 5, Market for Registrant's Common Equity — Purchases of Equity Securities
- [61] Item 7, MD&A — Capital
- [62] Item 7, MD&A — Financial Highlights
- [63] Item 7, MD&A — Financial Highlights
- [64] Item 1A, Risk Factors
- [65] Item 7, MD&A — Results of Operations - 2025
- [66] Item 1, Business — Business Developments
- [67] Item 1, Business — Business Developments
- [68] Item 1, Business — Business Developments
- [69] Item 5, Market for Registrant's Common Equity — Purchases of Equity Securities
- [70] Item 5, Market for Registrant's Common Equity — Purchases of Equity Securities
- [71] Item 7, MD&A — Results of Operations - 2025
- [72] Item 7, MD&A — Results of Operations - 2025
- [73] Item 7, MD&A — Financial Highlights
- [74] Item 7, MD&A — Financial Highlights
- [75] Item 7, MD&A — Financial Highlights
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- [80] Item 7, MD&A — Financial Highlights
- [81] Item 7, MD&A — Financial Highlights
- [82] Item 7, MD&A — Financial Highlights
- [83] Item 7, MD&A — Noninterest Income
- [84] Item 7, MD&A — Noninterest Income
- [85] Item 7, MD&A — Financial Highlights
- [86] Item 7, MD&A — Financial Highlights
- [87] Item 7, MD&A — Financial Highlights
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- [106] Item 7, MD&A — Financial Highlights
- [107] Item 7, MD&A — Financial Highlights
- [108] Item 7, MD&A — Financial Highlights
- [109] Item 1, Business — Business Developments
Analysis on 6/21/2026